Developmental dynamics of artichoke heads and how these relate to postharvest performance

Globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus) is a traditional Mediterranean crop widely appreciated for its nutritional value, health-promoting compounds, and culinary versatility.

In Spain, the cultivar ‘Blanca de Tudela’ holds significant economic and cultural relevance, particularly in regions such as the Valencian Community and Murcia. Its perennial growth habit and staggered flowering pattern result in the sequential emergence of multiple flower head orders (main, secondary, and tertiary) each with distinct morphological and physiological characteristics.

Order of the artichoke heads

Despite its agronomic importance, there remains limited knowledge regarding the in-plant developmental dynamics of artichoke heads and how these relate to postharvest performance. 

This study aimed to characterize the developmental progression of ‘Blanca de Tudela’ artichokes by evaluating growth patterns across the three flower head orders throughout the harvest season.

In parallel, a specific focus was placed on secondary heads, which constitute a substantial proportion of commercial yield. These were classified into five internal developmental stages (S1 to S5) to assess how their development level influences postharvest quality during cold storage. Secondary heads were stored at 2 °C for 21 days, and quality parameters were periodically evaluated. 

The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of flower head emergence dynamics and highlight the importance of harvest timing and physiological development for ensuring optimal postharvest behaviour.

This work offers practical implications for growers and suppliers aiming to enhance the quality and shelf-life of artichokes, supporting better selection criteria and handling protocols during the commercial postharvest phase. 

Sources

Development patterns of ‘Blanca de Tudela’ artichokes and their postharvest implications Marina Giménez-Berenguer, Giménez M., J., Serna-Escolano V., Castillo S., Zapata P.J. 
PostharvestMED, 9th National Conference of the SOI Working Group on Postharvest Management of Mediterranean Crops, 17-19 September 2025, Palermo, Italy, https://www.postharvestmed.com 

Both pictures belong to Marina Giménez-Berenger´s presentation during PostharvestMED